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| father = François Poisson | mother = Madeleine de la Motte | issue = | arms = Shield of family de Pompadour.svg * Guillaume-Charles le Normant d'Étiolles * Alexandrine-Jeanne le Normant d'Étiolles }} Jeanne Antoinette Poisson, Marquise de Pompadour, also known as Madame de Pompadour (29 December 1721 – 15 April 1764, (:pɔ̃.pa.duːʁ)), was a member of the French court and was the official chief mistress of Louis XV from 1745 to her death. She took charge of the king’s schedule and was a valued aide and advisor, despite her frail health and many political enemies. She secured titles of nobility for herself and her relatives, and built a network of clients and supporters. She was particularly careful not to alienate the Queen, Marie Leszczyńska. She was a major patron of architecture and decorative arts such as porcelain. She was a patron of the philosophes of the Enlightenment, including Voltaire. Hostile critics at the time generally tarred her as a malevolent political influence, but historians are more favourable, emphasizing her successes as a patron of the arts and a champion of French pride.〔James A. Moncure, ed. ''Research Guide to European Historical Biography: 1450–present'' (4 vol 1992); 4:1646–53〕 ==Early life== Jeanne Antoinette Poisson, otherwise known as Reinette ("little queen") to her friends, was born on 29 December 1721 in Paris to François Poisson (1684–1754) and his wife Madeleine de La Motte (1699–1745). It is suspected that her biological father was either the rich financier Pâris de Montmartel or the tax collector (''fermier général'') Le Normant de Tournehem.〔 Le Normant de Tournehem became her legal guardian when François Poisson was forced to leave the country in 1725 after a scandal over a series of unpaid debts, a crime at that time punishable by death. (He was cleared eight years later and allowed to return to France.) Her younger brother was Abel-François Poisson de Vandières, who later became the Marquis de Marigny. Poisson was intelligent, beautiful and refined. She spent her early childhood at the Ursuline convent in Poissy where she received a good education. At adolescence, her mother took personal charge of her education at home by hiring tutors who taught her to recite entire plays by heart, play the clavichord, dance, sing, paint and engrave. She became an accomplished actress〔 and singer, and also attended Paris's Club de l'Entresol (formed in 1724 and suppressed in 1731). The greatest expense of her education was the employment of renowned singers and actors, such as Pierre Jélyotte, much of it paid for by Le Normant de Tournehem; and it may have been this in particular that sparked rumours of his paternity to Poisson. She later said that, at the age of nine, her mother took her to a fortune teller who told her that she would one day reign over the heart of a king. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Madame de Pompadour」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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